The result of Analog’s PoT consensus algorithm and other key innovations is that the network is highly scalable. For example, it takes approximately 1 µs to select the time nodes. The Analog network is scalable because it leverages a fixed-sized validation committee which does not require more processing at scale.
But most importantly, the Analog network leverages block pipelining to achieve scalability. With current blockchains, proposed new blocks must wait until the networks confirm the current one. However, new block proposals can be generated and added to the pipeline while others are still awaiting confirmation when it comes to the Analog network.
This way, the protocol can quickly confirm massive blocks of transactions while rapidly replicating them across the network. To achieve block pipelining, the Analog network utilizes the Mempool. The Mempool stores all confirmed blocks in the pipeline that are awaiting appended to the ledger, as shown in figure 7.
Figure 7: Block pipelining
In the above figure, block A is awaiting confirmation to the Timechain, while blocks B and C have already been proposed and pipelined.
A typical transaction flow involving time-dependent transactions with Mempool includes the following steps:
- A user initiates a time data transaction from a time-dependent DApp or wallet and signs it with a private key.
- The Analog network selects the time node with the highest RS to validate the submitted time data. It also forms the consensus committee consisting of 1,000 nodes.
- The selected time node validates the submitted time data and adds the transaction to its Mempool. It then broadcasts the transaction to all the consensus nodes in the network.
- Each consensus node receives the time data, votes to accept or reject it, and moves it to its own Mempool. If more than two-thirds of the consensus nodes vote to accept the transaction, the message is broadcasted to the entire network, and the validated time data gets appended to the Timechain.
- Any node that had stored the transaction in its Mempool finally removes it when it sees the broadcasted message.
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